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Ecuador · Caldera

Chacana

Tipo
Caldera
Altitud
4643 m
Última erupción
1773
The floor of the massive Chacana caldera is seen here in the foreground, looking SE with glacier-covered Antisana volcano in the distance. Chacana is a 32 x 24 km caldera complex of Pliocene-Holocene age. Its outer flanks extend over 50 km, making it one of the largest rhyolitic centers of the northern Andes. Numerous lava domes were constructed within the caldera, which has been the source of frequent Holocene explosive eruptions. Dacitic lava flows were erupted during the 18th century and numerous hot springs are found on the caldera floor.
The floor of the massive Chacana caldera is seen here in the foreground, looking SE with glacier-covered Antisana volcano in the distance. Chacana is a 32 x 24 km caldera complex of Pliocene-Holocene age. Its outer flanks extend over 50 km, making it one of the largest rhyolitic centers of the northern Andes. Numerous lava domes were constructed within the caldera, which has been the source of frequent Holocene explosive eruptions. Dacitic lava flows were erupted during the 18th century and numerous hot springs are found on the caldera floor. · Foto: Photo by Minard Hall, 1976 (Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito).
Tipo
Caldera
País
Ecuador
Región
América del Sur / Northern Andean Volcanic Arc
Altitud
4643 m
Coordenadas
-0.375, -78.250
Última erupción
1773
Contexto tectónico
Zona de subducción / Corteza continental (> 25 km)
Forma volcánica
Caldera
Roca principal
Riolita
Resumen geológico

Chacana is a massive, eroded caldera complex of Pliocene-Holocene age that forms one of the largest rhyolitic centers of the northern Andes. The caldera is 32 km long N-S and 18-24 km wide E-W. It was constructed during three cycles of andesitic-to-rhyolitic volcanism, with major eruptions about 240,000, 180,000, and 160,000 years ago. Dacitic lava flows were erupted from caldera-floor fissures between about 30,000 and 21,000 years ago. Numerous lava domes were constructed within the caldera, which has been the source of frequent explosive eruptions throughout the Holocene as well as historical lava flows during the 18th century. The massive Antisana stratovolcano is immediately to the SE.

Resumen de Wikipedia

Resumen en inglés

Chacana is a large 32-km long - 18–24 km wide caldera that has erupted in historical times. It forms one of the largest rhyolite centers in the Northern Andes with major eruptions over the past 240,000, 180,00, and 160,000 years ago and has had andesitic-rhyolitic volcanism. With dacitic lava flows continuing into historical times. Lava domes were also constructed in the Holocene. Chacana is located 30 km from Quito and the large Antisana volcano is constructed to the southeast.

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Historial de erupciones

5 registradasGlosario
Resumen (VEI en el tiempo)
Haga clic en una barra para ver erupciones individuales · Usa las flechas para moverte entre barras y Enter para abrir
8050 a. C.~7723 a. C. · 1 erupciones · VEI máx. ?1829 a. C.~1501 a. C. · 1 erupciones · VEI máx. ?192 a. C.~136 · 1 erupciones · VEI máx. ?1446~1773 · 2 erupciones · VEI máx. 08050 a. C.5758 a. C.3138 a. C.846 a. C.1446

Línea de tiempo detallada

  1. 1773VEI 0Observado
    1773 – fin desconocido
    South part of caldera
  2. 1760VEI 0Observado
    1760 – fin desconocido
    SW flank
  3. 50 a. C.VEI ?Estimación geológica
    50 a. C. – fin desconocido
  4. 1580 a. C. (±10 años)VEI ?Estimación geológica
    1580 a. C. – fin desconocido
  5. 8050 a. C.VEI ?Estimación geológica
    8050 a. C. – fin desconocido

Volcanes cercanos

Enlaces externos

⚠ Solo como referencia. No apto para respuesta ante emergencias.