Ecuador · Volcán en escudo
La Cumbre
Fernandina
- Tipo
- Volcán en escudo
- Altitud
- 1476 m
- Última erupción
- 2024
- Tipo
- Volcán en escudo
- País
- Ecuador
- Región
- Pacífico Oriental / Galapagos Hotspot Volcano Group
- Altitud
- 1476 m
- Coordenadas
- -0.370, -91.550
- Última erupción
- 2024
- Contexto tectónico
- Zona de rift / Corteza oceánica (< 15 km)
- Forma volcánica
- Escudo
- Roca principal
- Basalto / Picrobasalto
Resumen geológico
Fernandina, the most active of Galápagos volcanoes and the one closest to the Galápagos mantle plume, is a basaltic shield volcano with a deep 5 x 6.5 km summit caldera. The volcano displays the classic "overturned soup bowl" profile of Galápagos shield volcanoes. Its caldera is elongated in a NW-SE direction and formed during several episodes of collapse. Circumferential fissures surround the caldera and were instrumental in growth of the volcano. Reporting has been poor in this uninhabited western end of the archipelago, and even a 1981 eruption was not witnessed at the time. In 1968 the caldera floor dropped 350 m following a major explosive eruption. Subsequent eruptions, mostly from vents located on or near the caldera boundary faults, have produced lava flows inside the caldera as well as those in 1995 that reached the coast from a SW-flank vent. Collapse of a nearly 1 km3 section of the east caldera wall during an eruption in 1988 produced a debris-avalanche deposit that covered much of the caldera floor and absorbed the caldera lake.
Resumen de Wikipedia
La Cumbre es un volcán en escudo en la Isla Fernandina en las Islas Galápagos, al oeste de Ecuador.
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Historial de erupciones
33 registradasGlosarioLínea de tiempo detallada
- 2024VEI 1Observado2024-03-02 – 2024-05-08SE flank
- 2020VEI 0Observado2020-01-12 – 2020-01-13
- 2018VEI 1Observado2018-06-16 – 2018-06-21Radial fissure on NNE flank
- 2017VEI 2Observado2017-09-04 – 2017-09-08SSW caldera rim and La Cumbre crater
- 2009VEI 2Observado2009-04-10 – 2009-04-28SW flank (400 m)
- 2005VEI 2Observado2005-05-13 – 2005-05-29South caldera rim
- 1995VEI 2Observado1995-01-25 – 1995-04-08SW flank
- 1991VEI 2Observado1991-04-19 – 1991-04-24Base of ESE and NW caldera wall
- 1988VEI 2Observado1988-09-14 – 1988-09-16East caldera wall
- 1984VEI 1Observado1984-03-30 – fin desconocidoNW corner of caldera
- 1981VEI 0Observado1981-08-01 – fin desconocidoSouth caldera rim
- 1978VEI 2Observado1978-08-08 – 1978-08-26NW caldera bench
- 1977VEI 1Observado1977-03-23 – 1977-03-27SE caldera bench
- 1973VEI 2Observado1973-12-09 – 1973-12-16ESE caldera wall
- 1972VEI 0Observado1972-06-04 – fin desconocidoSE caldera bench
- 1968VEI 2Observado1968-05-21 – 1968-05-23ESE flank (600 m)
- 1968VEI 4Observado1968-06-11 – 1968-07-04West caldera wall
- 1961VEI 2Observado1961-03-21 – 1961-09-16SE flank
- 1958VEI 2Observado1958-09-16 – 1958-12-30SE, SW and west caldera rim
- 1937VEI 0Observado1937-03-16 – 1937-04-16
- 1927VEI 0Observado1927-12-13 – fin desconocidoSouth flank near Punta Mangle
- 1926VEI ?Observado1926-07-02 – fin desconocido
- 1917VEI 0Observado1917-05-14 – fin desconocidoCape Hammond (SW flank)
- 1888VEI 1Observado1888-04-10 – fin desconocido
- 1846VEI 0Observado1846-11-06 – 1846-11-24East flank
- 1825VEI 3Observado1825-02-14 – 1825-10-16East summit and SE flank
- 1819VEI 2Observado1819-05-15 – 1819-05-18
- 1817VEI 2Método no indicado1817-07-02 – fin desconocidoVolcano Uncertain: Western Galápagos
- 1814VEI 2Observado1814-07-16 – 1814-08-16
- 1813VEI 2Observado1813-07-14 – fin desconocidoSouth flank
- 1550VEI 0Estimación geológica1550 – fin desconocido
- 1150VEI 0Estimación geológica1150 – fin desconocido
- 950 (±500 años)VEI 0Estimación geológica950 – fin desconocido
Volcanes cercanos
Enlaces externos
⚠ Solo como referencia. No apto para respuesta ante emergencias.