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Tonga · Gunung api perisai

Niuafoʻou

Niuafo'ou

Tipe
Gunung api perisai
Ketinggian
260 m
Letusan terakhir
1946
Niuafoʻou
Foto: International Space Station crew · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
Tipe
Gunung api perisai
Negara
Tonga
Wilayah
Tonga & Kermadec / Northeast Lau Basin Volcano Group
Ketinggian
260 m
Koordinat
-15.600, -175.630
Letusan terakhir
1946
Kondisi tektonik
Zona subduksi / Kerak samudra (< 15 km)
Bentuk lahan
Perisai
Batuan utama
Basal / Pikrobasal
Ringkasan geologi

Niuafo'ou ("Tin Can Island") is a low 8-km-wide island that forms the summit of a largely submerged basaltic shield volcano in the north central Lau Basin about 170 km W of the northern end of the Tofua volcanic arc. The circular island encloses a 5-km-wide caldera that is mostly filled by a lake whose bottom extends to below sea level. The inner walls of the caldera drop sharply to the lake, named Big Lake (or Vai Lahi), which contains several small islands and pyroclastic cones on its NE shore. Eruptions recorded since 1814, mostly from circumferential fissures on the west-to-south side of the island, have often damaged villages. A major eruption in 1946 forced evacuation of most of its 1,200 inhabitants.

Ringkasan Wikipedia

Ringkasan Inggris

Niuafoʻou is the northernmost island in the kingdom of Tonga. One of the Niua Islands, it is located in the southern Pacific Ocean between Fiji and Samoa, 574 km (357 mi) north of Tongatapu island group and 337 km (209 mi) northwest of Vavaʻu. It is a volcanic rim island with an area of 15 km2 (5.8 sq mi) and a population of 431. The volcano is active and has erupted regularly since 1814, with its last major eruption in 1985.

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Riwayat letusan

12 tercatatGlosarium
Ringkasan (VEI dari waktu ke waktu)
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1814~1831 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 21848~1865 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 01865~1882 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 11882~1900 · 2 letusan · VEI maks. 41900~1917 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 21917~1934 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 21934~1951 · 4 letusan · VEI maks. 21968~1985 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 018141848190019341968

Garis waktu rinci

  1. 1985VEI 0Teramati
    1985-03-21 – 1985-03-22
    NE part of caldera lake (Vai Lahi)
  2. 1947VEI ?Metode tidak dinyatakan
    1947-01-16 – akhir tidak diketahui
  3. 1946VEI 2Teramati
    1946-09-09 – 1946-09-17
    North flank
  4. 1943VEI 2Teramati
    1943-09-26 – 1943-10-16
    SW flank
  5. 1935VEI 2Teramati
    1935-12-07 – 1936-02-16
    South flank
  6. 1929VEI 2Teramati
    1929-07-25 – 1929-07-26
    West flank
  7. 1912VEI 2Teramati
    1912-10-15 – akhir tidak diketahui
    West side, near Alele 'Uta village
  8. 1887VEI 2Teramati
    1887-07-02 – akhir tidak diketahui
  9. 1886VEI 4Teramati
    1886-08-31 – 1886-09-18
    NE side of caldera
  10. 1867VEI 1Teramati
    1867-04-12 – akhir tidak diketahui
    SSW flank
  11. 1853VEI 0Teramati
    1853-06-24 – 1853-06-24
    SW caldera rim (Ahau village area)
  12. 1814VEI 2Teramati
    1814-07-02 – akhir tidak diketahui
    South end of caldera ?

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