Amerika Serikat · Kaldera
Mount Aniakchak
Aniakchak
- Tipe
- Kaldera
- Ketinggian
- 1341 m
- Letusan terakhir
- 1931
- Tipe
- Kaldera
- Negara
- Amerika Serikat
- Wilayah
- Amerika Utara / Alaska Peninsula Volcanic Arc
- Ketinggian
- 1341 m
- Koordinat
- 56.880, -158.170
- Letusan terakhir
- 1931
- Kondisi tektonik
- Zona subduksi / Kerak benua (> 25 km)
- Bentuk lahan
- Kaldera
- Batuan utama
- Andesit / Andesit basaltik
Ringkasan geologi
One of the most dramatic calderas of the Aleutian arc, the 10-km-wide Aniakchak caldera formed around 3,400 years ago during a voluminous eruption in which pyroclastic flows traveled more than 50 km N to the Bering Sea and also reached the Pacific Ocean to the south. At least 40 explosive eruptions have been documented during the past 10,000 years, making it the most active volcano of the eastern Aleutian arc. A dominantly andesitic pre-caldera volcano was constructed above basement Mesozoic and Tertiary sedimentary rocks that are exposed in the caldera walls to elevations of about 610 m. The ice-free caldera floor contains many pyroclastic cones, tuff cones, maars, and lava domes. Surprise Lake on the NE side drains through The Gates, a steep-walled breach on the east side of the 1-km-high caldera rim that was the site of catastrophic draining of a once larger lake about 1850 years BP. Vent Mountain and Half Cone are two long-lived vents on the south-central and NW caldera floor, respectively. The first and only confirmed historical eruption took place in 1931 from vents on the west and SW caldera floor.
Ringkasan Wikipedia
Ringkasan InggrisMount Aniakchak is a volcano on the western Alaska Peninsula. Part of the Aleutian Volcanic Arc, it was formed by the subduction of the oceanic Pacific Plate under the North American Plate. Aniakchak is a 10 kilometers (6.2 mi) wide caldera with a break to the northeast. The caldera contains Surprise Lake and many volcanic cones, maars and craters, including Vent Mountain. The volcano has erupted mainly calc-alkaline rocks ranging from basalt to rhyolite.
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Riwayat letusan
17 tercatatGlosariumGaris waktu rinci
- 1942VEI ?Metode tidak dinyatakan1942-07-02 – akhir tidak diketahui
- 1931VEI 4Teramati1931-05-01 – 1931-06-13West and SW caldera floor
- 1540 (±100 tahun)VEI 4Perkiraan geologi1540 – akhir tidak diketahuiNW & S caldera floor (Half Cone, Vent Mtn)
- 1470 (±20 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi1470 – akhir tidak diketahuiSE caldera floor (New Cone)
- 1370 (±55 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi1370 – akhir tidak diketahuiNW caldera floor (Half Cone)
- 1280 (±145 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi1280 – akhir tidak diketahuiNW caldera floor (Half Cone)
- 1190 (±30 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi1190 – akhir tidak diketahuiNW caldera floor (Half Cone)
- 1120 (±80 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi1120 – akhir tidak diketahuiEast-central caldera (Surprise Cone)
- 1050VEI ?Perkiraan geologi1050 – akhir tidak diketahuiVent Mtn and other vents?
- 700 (±250 tahun)VEI 0Perkiraan geologi700 – akhir tidak diketahuiS & NW caldera floor (Vent Mtn & Half Cone)
- 460VEI ?Perkiraan geologi460 – akhir tidak diketahui
- 200 (±255 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi200 – akhir tidak diketahuiNorthern & western caldera floor
- 370 SM (±210 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi370 SM – akhir tidak diketahui
- 1645 SM (±10 tahun)VEI 6Perkiraan geologi1645 SM – akhir tidak diketahui
- 2550 SM (±500 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi2550 SM – akhir tidak diketahui
- 5930 SM (±240 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi5930 SM – akhir tidak diketahui
- 6300 SM (±1250 tahun)VEI 6Perkiraan geologi6300 SM – akhir tidak diketahui
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