Ekuador · Gunung api perisai
Las Cumbres
Fernandina
- Tipe
- Gunung api perisai
- Ketinggian
- 1476 m
- Letusan terakhir
- 2024
- Tipe
- Gunung api perisai
- Negara
- Ekuador
- Wilayah
- Pasifik Timur / Galapagos Hotspot Volcano Group
- Ketinggian
- 1476 m
- Koordinat
- -0.370, -91.550
- Letusan terakhir
- 2024
- Kondisi tektonik
- Zona rift / Kerak samudra (< 15 km)
- Bentuk lahan
- Perisai
- Batuan utama
- Basal / Pikrobasal
Ringkasan geologi
Fernandina, the most active of Galápagos volcanoes and the one closest to the Galápagos mantle plume, is a basaltic shield volcano with a deep 5 x 6.5 km summit caldera. The volcano displays the classic "overturned soup bowl" profile of Galápagos shield volcanoes. Its caldera is elongated in a NW-SE direction and formed during several episodes of collapse. Circumferential fissures surround the caldera and were instrumental in growth of the volcano. Reporting has been poor in this uninhabited western end of the archipelago, and even a 1981 eruption was not witnessed at the time. In 1968 the caldera floor dropped 350 m following a major explosive eruption. Subsequent eruptions, mostly from vents located on or near the caldera boundary faults, have produced lava flows inside the caldera as well as those in 1995 that reached the coast from a SW-flank vent. Collapse of a nearly 1 km3 section of the east caldera wall during an eruption in 1988 produced a debris-avalanche deposit that covered much of the caldera floor and absorbed the caldera lake.
Ringkasan Wikipedia
Ringkasan InggrisLa Cumbre is a shield volcano on Fernandina Island in the Galápagos Islands. La Cumbre is also the youngest volcano in the Galápagos Islands.
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Riwayat letusan
33 tercatatGlosariumGaris waktu rinci
- 2024VEI 1Teramati2024-03-02 – 2024-05-08SE flank
- 2020VEI 0Teramati2020-01-12 – 2020-01-13
- 2018VEI 1Teramati2018-06-16 – 2018-06-21Radial fissure on NNE flank
- 2017VEI 2Teramati2017-09-04 – 2017-09-08SSW caldera rim and La Cumbre crater
- 2009VEI 2Teramati2009-04-10 – 2009-04-28SW flank (400 m)
- 2005VEI 2Teramati2005-05-13 – 2005-05-29South caldera rim
- 1995VEI 2Teramati1995-01-25 – 1995-04-08SW flank
- 1991VEI 2Teramati1991-04-19 – 1991-04-24Base of ESE and NW caldera wall
- 1988VEI 2Teramati1988-09-14 – 1988-09-16East caldera wall
- 1984VEI 1Teramati1984-03-30 – akhir tidak diketahuiNW corner of caldera
- 1981VEI 0Teramati1981-08-01 – akhir tidak diketahuiSouth caldera rim
- 1978VEI 2Teramati1978-08-08 – 1978-08-26NW caldera bench
- 1977VEI 1Teramati1977-03-23 – 1977-03-27SE caldera bench
- 1973VEI 2Teramati1973-12-09 – 1973-12-16ESE caldera wall
- 1972VEI 0Teramati1972-06-04 – akhir tidak diketahuiSE caldera bench
- 1968VEI 2Teramati1968-05-21 – 1968-05-23ESE flank (600 m)
- 1968VEI 4Teramati1968-06-11 – 1968-07-04West caldera wall
- 1961VEI 2Teramati1961-03-21 – 1961-09-16SE flank
- 1958VEI 2Teramati1958-09-16 – 1958-12-30SE, SW and west caldera rim
- 1937VEI 0Teramati1937-03-16 – 1937-04-16
- 1927VEI 0Teramati1927-12-13 – akhir tidak diketahuiSouth flank near Punta Mangle
- 1926VEI ?Teramati1926-07-02 – akhir tidak diketahui
- 1917VEI 0Teramati1917-05-14 – akhir tidak diketahuiCape Hammond (SW flank)
- 1888VEI 1Teramati1888-04-10 – akhir tidak diketahui
- 1846VEI 0Teramati1846-11-06 – 1846-11-24East flank
- 1825VEI 3Teramati1825-02-14 – 1825-10-16East summit and SE flank
- 1819VEI 2Teramati1819-05-15 – 1819-05-18
- 1817VEI 2Metode tidak dinyatakan1817-07-02 – akhir tidak diketahuiVolcano Uncertain: Western Galápagos
- 1814VEI 2Teramati1814-07-16 – 1814-08-16
- 1813VEI 2Teramati1813-07-14 – akhir tidak diketahuiSouth flank
- 1550VEI 0Perkiraan geologi1550 – akhir tidak diketahui
- 1150VEI 0Perkiraan geologi1150 – akhir tidak diketahui
- 950 (±500 tahun)VEI 0Perkiraan geologi950 – akhir tidak diketahui
Gunung api terdekat
Tautan eksternal
⚠ Untuk referensi saja. Bukan untuk tanggap darurat.