Nuova Zelanda · Duomo di lava
Caldera di Okataina
Okataina
- Tipo
- Duomo di lava
- Altitudine
- 1111 m
- Ultima eruzione
- 1981

- Tipo
- Duomo di lava
- Paese
- Nuova Zelanda
- Regione
- Tonga e Kermadec / Taupo Volcanic Arc
- Altitudine
- 1111 m
- Coordinate
- -38.157, 176.507
- Ultima eruzione
- 1981
- Contesto tettonico
- Zona di subduzione / Crosta continentale (> 25 km)
- Forma vulcanica
- Gruppo vulcanico
- Roccia principale
- Riolite
Sintesi geologica
The massive, dominantly rhyolitic Okataina Volcanic Centre (OVC) is surrounded by extensive ignimbrite and pyroclastic sheets produced during multiple caldera-forming eruptions. Numerous lava domes and craters erupted from two subparallel NE-SW-trending vent lineations form the Haroharo and Tarawera volcanic complexes. Lava domes of the Haroharo complex, at the northern end of the OVC, occupy part of the 16 x 26 km Pleistocene Haroharo caldera, which formed incrementally between 300,000 and 50,000 years before present (BP). The oldest exposed rocks on the caldera floor are about 22,000 years old. The Tarawera complex at the southern end of OVC consists of 11 rhyolitic lava domes and associated lava flows. The oldest domes were formed as late as about 15,000 years BP, and the youngest were formed in the Kaharoa eruption about 800 years BP. The NE-SW Tarawera vent lineation extends from the two dacitic cones of Maungaongaonga and Mangakakaramea on the SW to Mount Edgecumbe on the NE. Construction of the Haroharo and Tarawera complexes impounded lakes Rotoiti, Totoehu, Okataina, and Tarawera against the outer margins of the Okataina ring structure. A major hydrothermal area is located at Waimangu; the world-renowned Pink and White Terrace siliceous sinter deposits were destroyed during the major basaltic explosive eruption of 1886.
Sintesi da Wikipedia
La caldera di Okataina è una caldera composta da varie strutture vulcaniche di 16 km × 26 km nella zona vulcanica di Taupo nel distretto di Rotorua nell'Isola del Nord della Nuova Zelanda.
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Storia delle eruzioni
31 registrateGlossarioCronologia dettagliata
- 1981VEI 1Osservata1981-05-16 – 1981-05-16Waimangu (Raupo Pond crater)
- 1978VEI 1Osservata1978-02-23 – 1978-02-23Waimangu (Raupo Pond, Inferno Crater)
- 1973VEI 1Osservata1973-02-22 – 1973-02-22Waimangu (Echo Crater)
- 1951VEI 1Osservata1951-06-16 – fine sconosciutaRotomahana
- 1926VEI 1Osservata1926-11-17 – 1926-11-18Rotomahana
- 1924VEI 1Osservata1924-07-02 – fine sconosciutaWaimangu (Echo Crater)
- 1918VEI 1Osservata1918-07-02 – 1920-07-02Waimangu (Echo Crater)
- 1917VEI 1Osservata1917-03-24 – 1917-04-04Waimangu (Echo Crater)
- 1915VEI 1Osservata1915-02-04 – 1915-04-13Waimangu (Echo Crater & NW of Fairy Crater)
- 1915VEI 1Osservata1915-11-05 – 1915-11-09Waimangu (Echo Crater)
- 1914VEI 1Osservata1914-01-28 – 1914-02-16Waimangu (NW of Fairy Crater)
- 1913VEI 1Osservata1913-01-27 – 1913-01-27Waimangu (Echo Crater)
- 1912VEI 1Osservata1912-04-16 – fine sconosciutaWaimangu (Echo Crater)
- 1910VEI 1Osservata1910-07-24 – 1910-07-25Waimangu (Echo Crater)
- 1908VEI 1Osservata1908-10-01 – 1908-10-01Waimangu (Echo Crater)
- 1906VEI 1Osservata1906-02-21 – 1906-02-21Waimangu (NW of Fairy Crater)
- 1905VEI 1Osservata1905-02-18 – 1905-02-23Waimangu (Echo Crater)
- 1905VEI 1Osservata1905-06-17 – 1905-06-17Waimangu (Echo Crater)
- 1900VEI 1Osservata1900-01-16 – 1904-11-01Waimangu Geyser
- 1896VEI 1Osservata1896-07-02 – fine sconosciutaWaimangu (Echo Crater)
- 1886VEI 5Osservata1886-06-10 – 1886-08-16Tarawera (Wahanga-Waimangu fissure)
- 1310 (±12 anni)VEI 5Stima geologica1310 – 1315Tarawera (Kaharoa eruption)
- 180VEI ?Stima geologica180 – fine sconosciutaTe Kopia thermal area
- 300 a.C.VEI 0Stima geologica300 a.C. – fine sconosciutaMt. Edgecumbe
- 1330 a.C. (±75 anni)VEI ?Stima geologica1330 a.C. – fine sconosciutaMt. Edgecumbe
- 1750 a.C.VEI 4Stima geologica1750 a.C. – fine sconosciutaHaroharo (Rotokawau to Rotoatua)
- 3580 a.C. (±50 anni)VEI 5Stima geologica3580 a.C. – fine sconosciutaHaroharo (Makatiti and other domes)
- 5550 a.C.VEI 0Stima geologica5550 a.C. – fine sconosciutaMt. Edgecumbe
- 6060 a.C. (±50 anni)VEI 5Stima geologica6060 a.C. – fine sconosciutaHaroharo (Te Horoa & other domes)
- 7560 a.C. (±18 anni)VEI 5Stima geologica7560 a.C. – fine sconosciutaRotoma caldera, Tuahu, Kawerau
- 8050 a.C.VEI ?Stima geologica8050 a.C. – fine sconosciutaWest Rerewhakaaitu fissures
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