Ecuador · Vulcano a scudo
Las Cumbres
Fernandina
- Tipo
- Vulcano a scudo
- Altitudine
- 1476 m
- Ultima eruzione
- 2024
- Tipo
- Vulcano a scudo
- Paese
- Ecuador
- Regione
- Pacifico orientale / Galapagos Hotspot Volcano Group
- Altitudine
- 1476 m
- Coordinate
- -0.370, -91.550
- Ultima eruzione
- 2024
- Contesto tettonico
- Zona di rift / Crosta oceanica (< 15 km)
- Forma vulcanica
- A scudo
- Roccia principale
- Basalto / Picrobasalto
Sintesi geologica
Fernandina, the most active of Galápagos volcanoes and the one closest to the Galápagos mantle plume, is a basaltic shield volcano with a deep 5 x 6.5 km summit caldera. The volcano displays the classic "overturned soup bowl" profile of Galápagos shield volcanoes. Its caldera is elongated in a NW-SE direction and formed during several episodes of collapse. Circumferential fissures surround the caldera and were instrumental in growth of the volcano. Reporting has been poor in this uninhabited western end of the archipelago, and even a 1981 eruption was not witnessed at the time. In 1968 the caldera floor dropped 350 m following a major explosive eruption. Subsequent eruptions, mostly from vents located on or near the caldera boundary faults, have produced lava flows inside the caldera as well as those in 1995 that reached the coast from a SW-flank vent. Collapse of a nearly 1 km3 section of the east caldera wall during an eruption in 1988 produced a debris-avalanche deposit that covered much of the caldera floor and absorbed the caldera lake.
Sintesi da Wikipedia
Riassunto in ingleseLa Cumbre is a shield volcano on Fernandina Island in the Galápagos Islands. La Cumbre is also the youngest volcano in the Galápagos Islands.
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Storia delle eruzioni
33 registrateGlossarioCronologia dettagliata
- 2024VEI 1Osservata2024-03-02 – 2024-05-08SE flank
- 2020VEI 0Osservata2020-01-12 – 2020-01-13
- 2018VEI 1Osservata2018-06-16 – 2018-06-21Radial fissure on NNE flank
- 2017VEI 2Osservata2017-09-04 – 2017-09-08SSW caldera rim and La Cumbre crater
- 2009VEI 2Osservata2009-04-10 – 2009-04-28SW flank (400 m)
- 2005VEI 2Osservata2005-05-13 – 2005-05-29South caldera rim
- 1995VEI 2Osservata1995-01-25 – 1995-04-08SW flank
- 1991VEI 2Osservata1991-04-19 – 1991-04-24Base of ESE and NW caldera wall
- 1988VEI 2Osservata1988-09-14 – 1988-09-16East caldera wall
- 1984VEI 1Osservata1984-03-30 – fine sconosciutaNW corner of caldera
- 1981VEI 0Osservata1981-08-01 – fine sconosciutaSouth caldera rim
- 1978VEI 2Osservata1978-08-08 – 1978-08-26NW caldera bench
- 1977VEI 1Osservata1977-03-23 – 1977-03-27SE caldera bench
- 1973VEI 2Osservata1973-12-09 – 1973-12-16ESE caldera wall
- 1972VEI 0Osservata1972-06-04 – fine sconosciutaSE caldera bench
- 1968VEI 2Osservata1968-05-21 – 1968-05-23ESE flank (600 m)
- 1968VEI 4Osservata1968-06-11 – 1968-07-04West caldera wall
- 1961VEI 2Osservata1961-03-21 – 1961-09-16SE flank
- 1958VEI 2Osservata1958-09-16 – 1958-12-30SE, SW and west caldera rim
- 1937VEI 0Osservata1937-03-16 – 1937-04-16
- 1927VEI 0Osservata1927-12-13 – fine sconosciutaSouth flank near Punta Mangle
- 1926VEI ?Osservata1926-07-02 – fine sconosciuta
- 1917VEI 0Osservata1917-05-14 – fine sconosciutaCape Hammond (SW flank)
- 1888VEI 1Osservata1888-04-10 – fine sconosciuta
- 1846VEI 0Osservata1846-11-06 – 1846-11-24East flank
- 1825VEI 3Osservata1825-02-14 – 1825-10-16East summit and SE flank
- 1819VEI 2Osservata1819-05-15 – 1819-05-18
- 1817VEI 2Metodo non indicato1817-07-02 – fine sconosciutaVolcano Uncertain: Western Galápagos
- 1814VEI 2Osservata1814-07-16 – 1814-08-16
- 1813VEI 2Osservata1813-07-14 – fine sconosciutaSouth flank
- 1550VEI 0Stima geologica1550 – fine sconosciuta
- 1150VEI 0Stima geologica1150 – fine sconosciuta
- 950 (±500 anni)VEI 0Stima geologica950 – fine sconosciuta
Vulcani nelle vicinanze
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