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Papua New Guinea · Stratovolcano

Manam

Type
Stratovolcano
Elevation
1807m
Last eruption
2026
Manam
Photo: Jesse Allen · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
Type
Stratovolcano
Country
Papua New Guinea
Region
Southwestern Pacific / Bismarck Volcanic Arc
Elevation
1807m
Coordinates
-4.080, 145.037
Last eruption
2026
Tectonic setting
Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
Landform
Composite
Major rock type
Basalt / Picro-basalt
Geological summary

The 10-km-wide island of Manam, lying 13 km off the northern coast of mainland Papua New Guinea, is one of the country's most active volcanoes. Four large radial valleys extend from the unvegetated summit of the conical basaltic-andesitic stratovolcano to its lower flanks. These valleys channel lava flows and pyroclastic avalanches that have sometimes reached the coast. Five small satellitic centers are located near the island's shoreline on the northern, southern, and western sides. Two summit craters are present; both are active, although most observed eruptions have originated from the southern crater, concentrating eruptive products during much of the past century into the SE valley. Frequent eruptions, typically of mild-to-moderate scale, have been recorded since 1616. Occasional larger eruptions have produced pyroclastic flows and lava flows that reached flat-lying coastal areas and entered the sea, sometimes impacting populated areas.

Eruption history

46 recordedGlossary
Summary (VEI over time)
Click a bar to see individual eruptions · Use arrow keys to move between bars, Enter to open
1616~1656 · 2 eruptions · max VEI 21696~1737 · 1 eruptions · max VEI ?1817~1857 · 1 eruptions · max VEI 21857~1897 · 4 eruptions · max VEI 21897~1938 · 16 eruptions · max VEI 41938~1978 · 12 eruptions · max VEI 31978~2018 · 10 eruptions · max VEI 416161696181718971978

Detailed timeline

  1. 2018VEI 4Observed
    2018-06-10 – 2026-03-16
    Southern and Main Craters
  2. 2014VEI 4Observed
    2014-06-29 – 2017-09-02
    Southern and Main craters
  3. 2010VEI 3Observed
    2010-08-10 – 2013-12-15
    South Crater, Main Crater
  4. 2004VEI 4Observed
    2004-10-24 – 2009-12-12
    South Crater, Main Crater
  5. 2003VEI 1Observed
    2003-05-17 – 2003-05-23
    Main Crater
  6. 2003VEI 1Observed
    2003-10-26 – 2004-03-28
    Main Crater
  7. 2002VEI 3Observed
    2002-01-13 – 2002-05-21
    South Crater
  8. 2002VEI 2Observed
    2002-10-31 – end unknown
  9. 2001VEI 2Observed
    2001-06-14 – 2001-06-25
  10. 2000VEI 2Observed
    2000-06-03 – 2000-06-04
    South Crater
  11. 1974VEI 3Observed
    1974-03-04 – 1999-11-09
    South Crater, Main Crater
  12. 1965VEI 2Observed
    1965-07-02 – 1966-01-25
    South Crater
  13. 1963VEI 2Observed
    1963-02-15 – 1963-05-08
    South Crater
  14. 1963VEI 2Observed
    1963-11-26 – 1964-04-16
    South Crater
  15. 1962VEI 2Observed
    1962-04-16 – end unknown
    South Crater
  16. 1961VEI 2Observed
    1961-07-16 – 1961-09-16
    South Crater
  17. 1959VEI 2Observed
    1959-06-16 – 1959-07-16
    South Crater
  18. 1959VEI 2Observed
    1959-12-16 – 1960-12-16
    Main Crater, South Crater
  19. 1956VEI 3Observed
    1956-12-08 – 1958-08-16
    South Crater, Main Crater
  20. 1954VEI 2Observed
    1954-05-16 – 1954-06-16
  21. 1953VEI 2Observed
    1953-04-16 – 1953-08-16
  22. 1946VEI 3Observed
    1946-12-01 – 1947-09-16
    South Crater
  23. 1936VEI 3Observed
    1936-09-16 – 1939-07-02
    Main Crater, South Crater
  24. 1932VEI 2Observed
    1932-07-02 – 1934-07-02
  25. 1926VEI 2Observed
    1926-03-16 – 1928-03-01
  26. 1925VEI 2Observed
    1925-07-02 – end unknown
  27. 1924VEI 2Method not stated
    1924-07-02 – end unknown
  28. 1923VEI 2Method not stated
    1923-07-02 – end unknown
  29. 1922VEI 3Observed
    1922-07-02 – end unknown
  30. 1920VEI 2Observed
    1920-12-05 – 1921-03-16
  31. 1919VEI 4Observed
    1919-08-11 – end unknown
    South Crater, Main Crater
  32. 1917VEI 2Observed
    1917-07-02 – end unknown
  33. 1909VEI 2Observed
    1909-07-02 – 1914-07-02
  34. 1907VEI ?Method not stated
    1907-07-02 – end unknown
  35. 1904VEI ?Observed
    1904-04-30 – end unknown
  36. 1904VEI 3Observed
    1904-10-26 – 1904-10-27
  37. 1901VEI ?Method not stated
    1901-07-02 – 1902-07-02
  38. 1899 (±1 yrs)VEI 2Observed
    1899-07-02 – end unknown
    Main Crater, South Crater
  39. 1887VEI 2Observed
    1887-06-16 – 1895-07-02
  40. 1885VEI ?Observed
    1885-05-16 – end unknown
  41. 1884VEI ?Method not stated
    1884-07-02 – end unknown
  42. 1877VEI 2Observed
    1877-10-29 – 1877-11-13
    South Crater
  43. 1830VEI 2Observed
    1830-07-02 – end unknown
  44. 1700VEI ?Observed
    1700-04-02 – end unknown
    South Crater
  45. 1643VEI 2Observed
    1643-04-21 – end unknown
  46. 1616VEI 2Observed
    1616-07-06 – end unknown

Nearby volcanoes

External links

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