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Indonesia · Caldera

Mount Batur

Batur

Type
Caldera
Elevation
1711m
Last eruption
2000
Mount Batur
Photo: Dmitry Baranovskiy from Sydney, Australia · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons
Type
Caldera
Country
Indonesia
Region
Sunda & Banda / Sunda Volcanic Arc
Elevation
1711m
Coordinates
-8.240, 115.377
Last eruption
2000
Tectonic setting
Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
Landform
Caldera
Major rock type
Andesite / Basaltic andesite
Geological summary

The historically active Batur is located at the center of two concentric calderas NW of Agung volcano. The outer 10 x 13.5 km caldera was formed during eruption of the Bali (or Ubud) Ignimbrite about 29,300 years ago and now contains a caldera lake on its SE side, opposite the Gunung Abang cone, the topographic high of the complex. The inner 6.4 x 9.4 km caldera was formed about 20,150 years ago during eruption of the Gunungkawi Ignimbrite. The SE wall of the inner caldera lies beneath Lake Batur; Batur cone has been constructed within the inner caldera to a height above the outer caldera rim. The Batur stratovolcano has produced vents over much of the inner caldera, but a NE-SW fissure system has localized the Batur I, II, and III craters along the summit ridge. Recorded eruptions have been characterized by mild-to-moderate explosive activity sometimes accompanied by lava emission. Basaltic lava flows from both summit and flank vents have reached the caldera floor and the shores of Lake Batur in historical time.

Eruption history

28 recordedGlossary
Summary (VEI over time)
Click a bar to see individual eruptions · Use arrow keys to move between bars, Enter to open
1804~1824 · 2 eruptions · max VEI 21843~1863 · 3 eruptions · max VEI 21882~1902 · 2 eruptions · max VEI 21902~1921 · 2 eruptions · max VEI 21921~1941 · 6 eruptions · max VEI 21960~1980 · 10 eruptions · max VEI 21980~1999 · 3 eruptions · max VEI 118041843190219411980

Detailed timeline

  1. 1999VEI 1Observed
    1999-03-15 – 2000-06-16
  2. 1998VEI 1Observed
    1998-07-04 – end unknown
  3. 1994VEI 1Observed
    1994-08-07 – 1994-08-14
    Batur III
  4. 1976VEI 1Method not stated
    1976-03-26 – 1976-03-26
  5. 1974VEI 2Observed
    1974-03-12 – 1974-04-16
    Batur III
  6. 1973VEI 1Observed
    1973-03-30 – end unknown
  7. 1972VEI 2Observed
    1972-01-19 – 1972-03-16
    Batur III
  8. 1971VEI 1Observed
    1971-03-11 – 1971-08-25
  9. 1970VEI 1Observed
    1970-01-05 – 1970-01-15
    SW flank (1963 vent)
  10. 1968VEI 2Observed
    1968-01-23 – 1968-02-15
    SW flank (Batur III)
  11. 1966VEI 1Observed
    1966-04-28 – end unknown
    SW flank (west of 1965 vent)
  12. 1965VEI 1Observed
    1965-08-18 – 1965-12-16
    SW flank (near Batur III)
  13. 1963VEI 2Observed
    1963-09-05 – 1964-05-10
    SW, W flanks (near Batur III, Butus)
  14. 1926VEI 2Observed
    1926-08-02 – 1926-09-21
    SW flank below Batur III
  15. 1925VEI 2Observed
    1925-01-05 – 1925-01-05
    Batur II
  16. 1924VEI 2Observed
    1924-03-16 – 1924-03-16
    Batur II
  17. 1923VEI 2Observed
    1923-07-02 – end unknown
    Batur II
  18. 1922VEI 2Observed
    1922-08-30 – end unknown
  19. 1921VEI 2Observed
    1921-01-29 – 1921-04-17
    SW flank (Batur II)
  20. 1905VEI 2Observed
    1905-07-02 – end unknown
    Batur I, Batur II, Batur III
  21. 1904VEI 2Observed
    1904-07-02 – end unknown
    West caldera floor (Gunung Anti)
  22. 1897VEI 2Observed
    1897-07-02 – end unknown
    Batur I
  23. 1888VEI 2Observed
    1888-05-30 – 1888-05-31
    SE flank of Batur I
  24. 1854VEI 1Observed
    1854-04-28 – end unknown
    Batur I
  25. 1849VEI 2Observed
    1849-07-02 – end unknown
  26. 1847VEI ?Method not stated
    1847-07-02 – end unknown
  27. 1821VEI 2Observed
    1821-03-16 – end unknown
    Batur I
  28. 1804VEI 2Observed
    1804-07-02 – end unknown
    Batur I

Nearby volcanoes

External links

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