United States · Stratovolcano
Mount Baker
Baker
- Type
- Stratovolcano
- Elevation
- 3285m
- Last eruption
- 1880
- Type
- Stratovolcano
- Country
- United States
- Region
- North America / Garibaldi Volcanic Arc
- Elevation
- 3285m
- Coordinates
- 48.777, -121.813
- Last eruption
- 1880
- Tectonic setting
- Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
- Landform
- Composite
- Major rock type
- Andesite / Basaltic andesite
Geological summary
Mount Baker is a glacier-covered andesitic stratovolcano constructed above the E flank of the eroded mid-Pleistocene Black Buttes volcano and SW of the early Pleistocene 4.5 x 8 km rhyodacitic Kulshan caldera. With the exception of the Schreibers Meadow cinder cone on the SE flank, which formed about 9,800 years ago, Holocene volcanism has been confined to the central conduit. A major eruption about 6,500 years ago, its largest eruptive event during the Holocene, was accompanied by a collapse that sent lahars down the Nooksack drainage. Residents in the Puget Sound region as far away as Victoria, British Columbia, observed 19th-century activity, all of which consisted of relatively minor phreatic eruptions. Sherman Crater, the crater immediately south of the summit, has been the site of increased steam emission since 1975. The Nooksack Indian Tribe referred to the volcano as Kweq Smaenit (the White Mountain), while the Lummi Nation knows it as Koma Kulshan.
From Wikipedia
Mount Baker, also known as Koma Kulshan or simply Kulshan, is a 10,781-foot (3,286 m) active glacier-covered andesitic stratovolcano in the Cascade Volcanic Arc and the North Cascades of Washington State in the United States. Mount Baker has the second-most thermally active crater in the Cascade Range after Mount St. Helens. About 30 miles (48 km) due east of the city of Bellingham, Whatcom County, Mount Baker is the youngest volcano in the Mount Baker volcanic field. While volcanism has persisted here for some 1.5 million years, the current volcanic cone is likely no more than 140,000 years old, and possibly no older than 80–90,000 years. Older volcanic edifices have mostly eroded away due to glaciation.
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Eruption history
20 recordedGlossaryDetailed timeline
- 1884VEI ?Method not stated1884-07-02 – end unknownSherman Crater
- 1880VEI 2Observed1880-09-07 – 1880-11-27Sherman Crater
- 1870VEI 2Observed1870-07-02 – end unknownSherman Crater
- 1869VEI ?Method not stated1869-06-16 – end unknownSherman Crater
- 1867VEI ?Method not stated1867-03-16 – end unknownSherman Crater
- 1865VEI ?Method not stated1865-07-02 – end unknownSherman Crater
- 1863VEI 2Observed1863-07-16 – end unknownSherman Crater
- 1860VEI ?Method not stated1860-12-16 – end unknownSherman Crater
- 1859VEI 2Observed1859-11-16 – 1860-04-26Sherman Crater
- 1858VEI 2Observed1858-07-02 – end unknownSherman Crater
- 1856VEI ?Method not stated1856-07-02 – end unknownSherman Crater
- 1854VEI 2Observed1854-07-02 – end unknownSherman Crater
- 1852VEI 2Observed1852-12-01 – 1853-01-16Sherman Crater
- 1850VEI ?Method not stated1850-03-16 – end unknownSherman Crater
- 1846VEI ?Method not stated1846-07-02 – end unknown
- 1843VEI 3Observed1843-07-02 – end unknownSherman Crater
- 1820VEI 2Observed1820-07-02 – end unknown
- 1792VEI ?Method not stated1792-06 – end unknown
- 4550 BCEVEI 3Geological estimate4550 BCE – end unknownSherman Crater?
- 7850 BCEVEI ?Geological estimate7850 BCE – end unknownSouth flank (Schreibers Meadow Cone)
Nearby volcanoes
External links
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