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Costa Rica · Stratovolcano

Turrialba

Type
Stratovolcano
Elevation
3340m
Last eruption
2022
Turrialba
Photo: Fbolanos · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons
Type
Stratovolcano
Country
Costa Rica
Region
Middle America & Caribbean / Central America Volcanic Arc
Elevation
3340m
Coordinates
10.025, -83.767
Last eruption
2022
Tectonic setting
Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
Landform
Composite
Major rock type
Andesite / Basaltic andesite
Geological summary

Turrialba, the easternmost of Costa Rica's Holocene volcanoes, is a large vegetated basaltic-to-dacitic stratovolcano located across a broad saddle NE of Irazú volcano overlooking the city of Cartago. The massive edifice covers an area of 500 km2. Three well-defined craters occur at the upper SW end of a broad 800 x 2200 m summit depression that is breached to the NE. Most activity originated from the summit vent complex, but two pyroclastic cones are located on the SW flank. Five major explosive eruptions have occurred during the past 3500 years. A series of explosive eruptions during the 19th century were sometimes accompanied by pyroclastic flows. Fumarolic activity continues at the central and SW summit craters.

From Wikipedia

Turrialba Volcano is an active volcano in central Costa Rica that has been eruptive in recent years including 2016 and in January, March, and April 2017. Visitors used to be able to hike down into the main crater, but increased volcanic activity in 2014–17, resulting in large clouds of volcanic ash, led to the closure of the surrounding Turrialba Volcano National Park. However, with the eruptions subsiding, the park and access to the volcano reopened on December 4, 2020.

Wikipedia · CC BY-SA · Read full article →

Eruption history

25 recordedGlossary
Summary (VEI over time)
Click a bar to see individual eruptions · Use arrow keys to move between bars, Enter to open
7260 BCE~6951 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI ?1691 BCE~1381 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI ?1381 BCE~1072 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI ?1072 BCE~763 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI ?144 BCE~166 · 1 eruptions · max VEI 4475~784 · 1 eruptions · max VEI ?1094~1403 · 1 eruptions · max VEI ?1713~2022 · 18 eruptions · max VEI 37260 BCE5094 BCE2619 BCE453 BCE1713

Detailed timeline

  1. 2022VEI 1Observed
    2022-07-17 – 2022-07-17
  2. 2021VEI 1Observed
    2021-06-13 – 2021-07-23
  3. 2021VEI 1Observed
    2021-11-03 – 2022-02-28
  4. 2020VEI 1Observed
    2020-06-18 – 2020-08-24
  5. 2015VEI 3Observed
    2015-03-08 – 2019-10-28
    Cráter Central, Cráter Oeste
  6. 2014VEI 2Observed
    2014-10-29 – 2014-12-08
    West Crater
  7. 2013VEI 1Observed
    2013-05-21 – 2013-06-04
    West Crater
  8. 2012VEI 2Observed
    2012-01-12 – 2012-01-18
    West Crater (SE flank)
  9. 2011VEI 1Observed
    2011-01-14 – 2011-01-14
    West Crater
  10. 2010VEI 2Observed
    2010-01-05 – 2010-03-07
    SW crater
  11. 2010VEI 2Observed
    2010-07-24 – 2010-08-15
  12. 1866VEI 3Observed
    1866-01-16 – 1866-05-08
    Central and SW summit craters
  13. 1864VEI 2Observed
    1864-08-17 – 1865-03-16
    Central and SW summit craters
  14. 1861VEI ?Method not stated
    1861-07-02 – end unknown
  15. 1855VEI 2Observed
    1855-05-16 – end unknown
  16. 1853VEI 2Observed
    1853-07-02 – end unknown
  17. 1847VEI ?Method not stated
    1847-07-02 – end unknown
  18. 1723VEI 1Method not stated
    1723 – end unknown
  19. 1350VEI ?Geological estimate
    1350 – end unknown
  20. 640 (±40 yrs)VEI ?Geological estimate
    640 – end unknown
  21. 40 (±50 yrs)VEI 4Geological estimate
    40 – end unknown
    Central summit crater
  22. 830 BCE (±150 yrs)VEI ?Geological estimate
    830 BCE – end unknown
  23. 1120 BCE (±200 yrs)VEI ?Geological estimate
    1120 BCE – end unknown
  24. 1420 BCE (±300 yrs)VEI ?Geological estimate
    1420 BCE – end unknown
  25. 7260 BCE (±300 yrs)VEI ?Geological estimate
    7260 BCE – end unknown
    NE summit crater

Nearby volcanoes

External links

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