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Iceland · Stratovolcano

Bárðarbunga

Bardarbunga

Type
Stratovolcano
Elevation
2000m
Last eruption
2015
Bárðarbunga
Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
Type
Stratovolcano
Country
Iceland
Region
Atlantic Ocean / Iceland Neovolcanic Rift Volcanic Province
Elevation
2000m
Coordinates
64.633, -17.516
Last eruption
2015
Tectonic setting
Rift zone / Oceanic crust (< 15 km)
Landform
Composite
Major rock type
Basalt / Picro-basalt

Geological summary

The large central volcano of Bárðarbunga lies beneath the NW part of the Vatnajökull icecap, NW of Grímsvötn volcano, and contains a subglacial 700-m-deep caldera.

Excerpt from the Global Volcanism Program, Smithsonian Institution · Read the full summary on GVP →

From Wikipedia

Bárðarbunga, is an active and productive stratovolcano located under Vatnajökull, which is Iceland's most extensive glacier, in Vatnajökull National Park. The second highest mountain in Iceland, 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) above sea level, Bárðarbunga is also part of the Bárðarbunga-Veiðivötn volcanic system that is approximately 190 kilometres (120 mi) long and 25 kilometres (16 mi) wide.

Wikipedia · CC BY-SA · Read full article →

Eruption history

55 recordedGlossary

Record summary

Confirmed eruptions
44
Uncertain eruptions
11
Span of confirmed record
7100 BCE – 2015
Largest confirmed eruption
VEI 6 (1477)
Confirmed eruptions since 1900
3
Summary (VEI over time)
Click a bar to see individual eruptions · Use arrow keys to move between bars, Enter to open
7100 BCE~6796 BCE · 2 eruptions · max VEI ?6796 BCE~6492 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI ?5277 BCE~4973 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI ?4973 BCE~4670 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI ?4670 BCE~4366 BCE · 3 eruptions · max VEI ?4366 BCE~4062 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI ?1328 BCE~1024 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI ?113 BCE~191 · 1 eruptions · max VEI 2799~1103 · 4 eruptions · max VEI 41103~1406 · 6 eruptions · max VEI 11406~1710 · 6 eruptions · max VEI 61710~2014 · 28 eruptions · max VEI 37100 BCE4973 BCE2543 BCE416 BCE1710

Detailed timeline

  1. 2014VEI 0Observed
    2014-08-29 – 2015-02-27
    Holuhraun vent, 45 km NE
  2. 2008VEI 0Method not stated
    2008-08-16 – end unknown
    Loki-Fögrufjöll (West Loki cauldron)
  3. 2006VEI 0Method not stated
    2006-04-16 – end unknown
    Loki-Fögrufjöll (East Loki cauldron)
  4. 2005VEI 0Method not stated
    2005-07-16 – 2005-08-16
    Loki-Fögrufjöll (West Loki cauldron)
  5. 2002VEI 0Method not stated
    2002-07-16 – 2002-09-16
    Loki-Fögrufjöll (W and E Loki cauldrons)
  6. 2000VEI 0Method not stated
    2000-08-16 – end unknown
    Loki-Fögrufjöll (W and E Loki cauldrons)
  7. 1997VEI 0Method not stated
    1997-08-16 – end unknown
    Loki-Fögrufjöll (East Loki cauldron)
  8. 1996VEI 0Method not stated
    1996-08-16 – end unknown
    Loki-Fögrufjöll (West Loki cauldron)
  9. 1995VEI 0Method not stated
    1995-07-16 – end unknown
    Loki-Fögrufjöll (East Loki cauldron)
  10. 1991VEI 0Method not stated
    1991-08-12 – end unknown
    Loki-Fögrufjöll (East Loki cauldron)
  11. 1986VEI 0Method not stated
    1986-11-29 – 1986-12-01
    Loki-Fögrufjöll (East Loki cauldron)
  12. 1910VEI 2Observed
    1910-06-18 – 1910-10-16
    Loki-Fögrufjöll (East Loki cauldron)
  13. 1902VEI 2Method not stated
    1902-12-16 – 1903-06-16
    Volcano Uncertain: Dyngjuhals ?
  14. 1872VEI ?Method not stated
    1872-07-02 – end unknown
    Volcano Uncertain: Dyngjuhals ?
  15. 1862VEI 2Observed
    1862-06-30 – 1864-10-15
    Trollagigar
  16. 1807VEI ?Method not stated
    1807-07-02 – end unknown
    NW-Vatnajökull
  17. 1797VEI ?Method not stated
    1797 – end unknown
    Volcano Uncertain
  18. 1794VEI ?Observed
    1794 – end unknown
  19. 1769VEI 2Method not stated
    1769 – end unknown
    Volcano Uncertain: Bárdarbunga or Grímsvötn
  20. 1766VEI 2Observed
    1766-07 – end unknown
  21. 1750 (±10 yrs)VEI ?Geological estimate
    1750 – end unknown
  22. 1739VEI 2Geological estimate
    1739 – end unknown
  23. 1729VEI 1Method not stated
    1729 – end unknown
    Volcano Uncertain: Dyngjuhals ?
  24. 1726VEI 1Observed
    1726-02-01 – 1726-05-01
    Dyngjujökull, Dyngjuhal ?
  25. 1720VEI 2Geological estimate
    1720 – end unknown
  26. 1717VEI 3Observed
    1717-08-04 – 1717-09-17
  27. 1716VEI 2Observed
    1716-10-05 – end unknown
  28. 1712VEI 2Observed
    1712-01-15 – end unknown
  29. 1707VEI 2Observed
    1707 – end unknown
  30. 1706VEI 2Observed
    1706 – end unknown
  31. 1702VEI 2Method not stated
    1702 – end unknown
    Volcano Uncertain: Dyngjuhals ?
  32. 1697VEI 2Geological estimate
    1697 – end unknown
  33. 1477VEI 6Observed
    1477-02 – end unknown
    Veidivötn (Veidivatnahraun)
  34. 1410VEI ?Geological estimate
    1410 – end unknown
  35. 1350 (±10 yrs)VEI ?Geological estimate
    1350 – end unknown
  36. 1290 (±10 yrs)VEI ?Geological estimate
    1290 – end unknown
  37. 1270 (±10 yrs)VEI ?Geological estimate
    1270 – end unknown
  38. 1250 (±50 yrs)VEI 1Geological estimate
    1250 – end unknown
    Frambuni
  39. 1210 (±10 yrs)VEI ?Geological estimate
    1210 – end unknown
  40. 1159VEI ?Observed
    1159 – end unknown
  41. 1080VEI ?Geological estimate
    1080 – end unknown
  42. 940VEI ?Geological estimate
    940 – end unknown
  43. 880VEI ?Geological estimate
    880 – end unknown
  44. 870VEI 4Geological estimate
    870 – end unknown
    Vatnaöldur
  45. 150 (±100 yrs)VEI 2Geological estimate
    150 – end unknown
    Veidivötn (Tjorvahraun)
  46. 1200 BCEVEI ?Geological estimate
    1200 BCE – end unknown
    Veidivötn (Burfellshraun, Drekahraun)
  47. 4200 BCEVEI ?Geological estimate
    4200 BCE – end unknown
    Veidvötn (Sigolduhraun THf)
  48. 4400 BCEVEI ?Geological estimate
    4400 BCE – end unknown
    Veidvötn (Tungnaárhraun THe)
  49. 4550 BCEVEI ?Geological estimate
    4550 BCE – end unknown
    Veidivötn (Sigolduhraun, Kalfahraun)
  50. 4600 BCEVEI ?Geological estimate
    4600 BCE – end unknown
    Veidvötn (Tungnaárhraun THd)
  51. 4800 BCEVEI ?Geological estimate
    4800 BCE – end unknown
    Veidvötn (Tungnaárhraun THc)
  52. 5000 BCEVEI ?Geological estimate
    5000 BCE – end unknown
    Trölladyngja
  53. 6650 BCE (±50 yrs)VEI ?Geological estimate
    6650 BCE – end unknown
    Veidivötn (Thjorsarhraun)
  54. 7050 BCE (±1000 yrs)VEI ?Geological estimate
    7050 BCE – end unknown
    Veidivötn (Haahraun, Botnahraun)
  55. 7100 BCEVEI ?Geological estimate
    7100 BCE – end unknown
    Trölladyngja (Bardarhalshraun)

Nearby volcanoes

External links

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