Islandia · Estratovolcán
Askja
- Tipo
- Estratovolcán
- Altitud
- 1080 m
- Última erupción
- 1961

- Tipo
- Estratovolcán
- País
- Islandia
- Región
- Océano Atlántico / Iceland Neovolcanic Rift Volcanic Province
- Altitud
- 1080 m
- Coordenadas
- 65.033, -16.783
- Última erupción
- 1961
- Contexto tectónico
- Zona de rift / Corteza oceánica (< 15 km)
- Forma volcánica
- Compuesto
- Roca principal
- Basalto / Picrobasalto
Resumen geológico
Askja is a large basaltic central volcano that forms the Dyngjufjöll massif. It is truncated by three overlapping calderas, the largest of which is 8 km wide and may have been produced primarily from subglacial ring-fracture eruptions rather than by subsidence. A major rhyolitic explosive eruption from Dyngjufjöll about 10,000 years ago was in part associated with the formation of Askja caldera. Many postglacial eruptions also occurred along the ring-fracture. A major explosive eruption on the SE caldera margin in 1875 was one of Iceland's largest during historical time. It resulted in the formation of a smaller 4.5-km-wide caldera, now filled by Öskjuvatn lake, that truncates the rim of the larger central caldera. The 100-km-long Askja fissure swarm, which includes the Sveinagja graben, is also related to the Askja volcanic system, as are several small shield volcanoes such as Kollatadyngja. Twentieth-century eruptions have produced lava flows from vents located mostly near Öskjuvatn lake.
Resumen de Wikipedia
Askja es un volcán de Islandia. Es el cráter más grande de la caldera volcánica de Dyngjufjöl ubicado en las Tierras Altas de Islandia. Se encuentra a 32 km al norte de Vatnajökull, el mayor glaciar islandés, en la zona meridional de la región de Norðurland Eystra.
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Historial de erupciones
14 registradasGlosarioLínea de tiempo detallada
- 1961VEI 2Observado1961-10-26 – 1961-12-05North of Öskjuvatn lake (Vikraborgir)
- 1938VEI 2Observado1938-12-19 – fin desconocidoSouth shore of Öskjuvatn lake
- 1926VEI 2Observado1926-07-15 – fin desconocidoSouth end of Öskjuvatn lake
- 1924VEI 0Observado1924-07-02 – fin desconocidoSouth flank of Dyngjufjöll massif
- 1923VEI 0Observado1923-01-15 – fin desconocidoSE corner of Öskjuvatn Caldera
- 1922VEI 0Observado1922-11-16 – fin desconocido1 km SW of Öskjuvatn Caldera
- 1921VEI 0Observado1921-03-16 – fin desconocidoNE caldera wall, 0.6 km SE of Viti
- 1919VEI 2Observado1919-07-02 – fin desconocidoDyngjufjöll
- 1875VEI 5Observado1875-01-01 – 1875-10-17Öskjuvatn Caldera, Viti, Sveinagja
- 1797VEI 0Observado1797 – fin desconocidoHoluhraun
- 1300VEI 1Estimación geológica1300 – fin desconocidoSouth of Dyngjufjöll Ytri
- 1250 a. C. (±300 años)VEI 0Estimación geológica1250 a. C. – fin desconocidoLitladynga and Askja
- 2050 a. C. (±500 años)VEI 0Estimación geológica2050 a. C. – fin desconocidoFlatadyngja, other areas NE of Dyngjufjöll
- 8910 a. C. (±200 años)VEI 5Estimación geológica8910 a. C. – fin desconocidoSE part of Askja caldera
Volcanes cercanos
Enlaces externos
⚠ Solo como referencia. No apto para respuesta ante emergencias.