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Guatemala · Gunung api kompleks

Gunung Pacaya

Pacaya

Tipe
Gunung api kompleks
Ketinggian
2569 m
Letusan terakhir
2021
Gunung Pacaya
Foto: USGS · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
Tipe
Gunung api kompleks
Negara
Guatemala
Wilayah
Amerika Tengah & Karibia / Central America Volcanic Arc
Ketinggian
2569 m
Koordinat
14.382, -90.601
Letusan terakhir
2021
Kondisi tektonik
Zona subduksi / Kerak benua (> 25 km)
Bentuk lahan
Komposit
Batuan utama
Basal / Pikrobasal
Ringkasan geologi

Eruptions from Pacaya are frequently visible from Guatemala City, the nation's capital. This complex basaltic volcano was constructed just outside the southern topographic rim of the 14 x 16 km Pleistocene Amatitlán caldera. A cluster of dacitic lava domes occupies the southern caldera floor. The post-caldera Pacaya massif includes the older Pacaya Viejo and Cerro Grande stratovolcanoes and the currently active Mackenney stratovolcano. Collapse of Pacaya Viejo between 600 and 1,500 years ago produced a debris-avalanche deposit that extends 25 km onto the Pacific coastal plain and left an arcuate scarp inside which the modern Pacaya volcano (Mackenney cone) grew. The NW-flank Cerro Chino crater was last active in the 19th century. During the past several decades, activity has consisted of frequent Strombolian eruptions with intermittent lava flow extrusion that has partially filled in the caldera moat and covered the flanks of Mackenney cone, punctuated by occasional larger explosive eruptions that partially destroy the summit.

Ringkasan Wikipedia

Ringkasan Inggris

Pacaya is an active complex volcano in Guatemala, which first erupted approximately 23,000 years ago and has erupted at least 23 times since the Spanish conquest of Guatemala. It rises to an elevation of 2,552 metres (8,373 ft). After being dormant for over 70 years, it began erupting vigorously in 1961 and has been erupting frequently since then. Much of its activity is Strombolian, but occasionally Plinian eruptions also occur, sometimes showering the area of the nearby Departments with ash.

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Riwayat letusan

36 tercatatGlosarium
Ringkasan (VEI dari waktu ke waktu)
Klik pada bar untuk melihat letusan individu · Gunakan tombol panah untuk berpindah batang, Enter untuk membuka
400~562 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 2723~885 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 31046~1208 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 31208~1369 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 31531~1692 · 12 letusan · VEI maks. 31692~1854 · 8 letusan · VEI maks. 31854~2015 · 12 letusan · VEI maks. 3400723120815311854

Garis waktu rinci

  1. 2015VEI 1Teramati
    2015-06-07 – 2021-08-13
    MacKenney Crater
  2. 2014VEI 1Teramati
    2014-08-25 – 2015-02-17
    MacKenney Crater
  3. 2013VEI 2Teramati
    2013-03-05 – 2014-04-10
    MacKenney Crater
  4. 2006VEI 3Teramati
    2006-03-09 – 2010-10-26
    MacKenney Cone
  5. 2004VEI 3Teramati
    2004-07-19 – 2005-09-11
    MacKenney Cone and lower S flank
  6. 2002VEI 1Teramati
    2002-05-30 – 2002-06-17
    MacKenney Crater
  7. 2001VEI 1Teramati
    2001-10-31 – 2001-10-31
    MacKenney Crater
  8. 2000VEI 1Teramati
    2000-08-16 – 2001-07-05
    MacKenney Crater
  9. 1990VEI 3Teramati
    1990-01-04 – 2000-03-01
    MacKenney Crater and flank vents
  10. 1965VEI 3Teramati
    1965-07-04 – 1989-03-10
    MacKenney Crater and flank vents
  11. 1961VEI 2Teramati
    1961-03-11 – 1961-04-15
    Cachajinas vent (South flank, 1860 m)
  12. 1885VEI 2Teramati
    1885-12-16 – akhir tidak diketahui
  13. 1846VEI 2Teramati
    1846-02-16 – akhir tidak diketahui
    Cerro Chino
  14. 1830VEI ?Metode tidak dinyatakan
    1830-07-02 – akhir tidak diketahui
  15. 1805VEI 2Teramati
    1805-07-02 – akhir tidak diketahui
  16. 1775VEI 3Teramati
    1775-07-01 – 1775-07-23
    Cerro Chino (SW flank and summit)
  17. 1760VEI ?Metode tidak dinyatakan
    1760 – akhir tidak diketahui
  18. 1717VEI ?Metode tidak dinyatakan
    1717 – akhir tidak diketahui
  19. 1699VEI 2Teramati
    1699-06-29 – akhir tidak diketahui
  20. 1693VEI 2Teramati
    1693 – akhir tidak diketahui
  21. 1690VEI 2Teramati
    1690 – akhir tidak diketahui
  22. 1687VEI 2Teramati
    1687-03-26 – 1687-03-27
  23. 1678VEI 2Teramati
    1678-08 – akhir tidak diketahui
  24. 1677VEI ?Metode tidak dinyatakan
    1677-07 – akhir tidak diketahui
  25. 1674VEI 2Teramati
    1674-07 – akhir tidak diketahui
  26. 1671VEI 2Teramati
    1671-08 – akhir tidak diketahui
  27. 1668VEI 2Teramati
    1668-08 – 1669-06-29
  28. 1664VEI 3Teramati
    1664 – akhir tidak diketahui
  29. 1655VEI 2Teramati
    1655-07 – akhir tidak diketahui
  30. 1651VEI 2Teramati
    1651-02-18 – 1651-04-13
  31. 1623VEI 3Teramati
    1623 – akhir tidak diketahui
  32. 1565VEI 3Teramati
    1565-08 – akhir tidak diketahui
    Cerro Chino
  33. 1360 (±75 tahun)VEI 3Perkiraan geologi
    1360 – akhir tidak diketahui
    Cerro Chino
  34. 1160 (±75 tahun)VEI 3Perkiraan geologi
    1160 – akhir tidak diketahui
    MacKenney Crater
  35. 880 (±500 tahun)VEI 3Perkiraan geologi
    880 – akhir tidak diketahui
  36. 400 (±50 tahun)VEI 2Perkiraan geologi
    400 – akhir tidak diketahui

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