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Ecuador · Caldera

Chacana

Tipo
Caldera
Altitudine
4643 m
Ultima eruzione
1773
The floor of the massive Chacana caldera is seen here in the foreground, looking SE with glacier-covered Antisana volcano in the distance. Chacana is a 32 x 24 km caldera complex of Pliocene-Holocene age. Its outer flanks extend over 50 km, making it one of the largest rhyolitic centers of the northern Andes. Numerous lava domes were constructed within the caldera, which has been the source of frequent Holocene explosive eruptions. Dacitic lava flows were erupted during the 18th century and numerous hot springs are found on the caldera floor.
The floor of the massive Chacana caldera is seen here in the foreground, looking SE with glacier-covered Antisana volcano in the distance. Chacana is a 32 x 24 km caldera complex of Pliocene-Holocene age. Its outer flanks extend over 50 km, making it one of the largest rhyolitic centers of the northern Andes. Numerous lava domes were constructed within the caldera, which has been the source of frequent Holocene explosive eruptions. Dacitic lava flows were erupted during the 18th century and numerous hot springs are found on the caldera floor. · Foto: Photo by Minard Hall, 1976 (Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito).
Tipo
Caldera
Paese
Ecuador
Regione
Sud America / Northern Andean Volcanic Arc
Altitudine
4643 m
Coordinate
-0.375, -78.250
Ultima eruzione
1773
Contesto tettonico
Zona di subduzione / Crosta continentale (> 25 km)
Forma vulcanica
Caldera
Roccia principale
Riolite
Sintesi geologica

Chacana is a massive, eroded caldera complex of Pliocene-Holocene age that forms one of the largest rhyolitic centers of the northern Andes. The caldera is 32 km long N-S and 18-24 km wide E-W. It was constructed during three cycles of andesitic-to-rhyolitic volcanism, with major eruptions about 240,000, 180,000, and 160,000 years ago. Dacitic lava flows were erupted from caldera-floor fissures between about 30,000 and 21,000 years ago. Numerous lava domes were constructed within the caldera, which has been the source of frequent explosive eruptions throughout the Holocene as well as historical lava flows during the 18th century. The massive Antisana stratovolcano is immediately to the SE.

Sintesi da Wikipedia

Riassunto in inglese

Chacana is a large 32-km long - 18–24 km wide caldera that has erupted in historical times. It forms one of the largest rhyolite centers in the Northern Andes with major eruptions over the past 240,000, 180,00, and 160,000 years ago and has had andesitic-rhyolitic volcanism. With dacitic lava flows continuing into historical times. Lava domes were also constructed in the Holocene. Chacana is located 30 km from Quito and the large Antisana volcano is constructed to the southeast.

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Storia delle eruzioni

5 registrateGlossario
Riepilogo (VEI nel tempo)
Fai clic su una barra per vedere le singole eruzioni · Usa le frecce per spostarti tra le barre, Invio per aprire
8050 a.C.~7723 a.C. · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. ?1829 a.C.~1501 a.C. · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. ?192 a.C.~136 · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. ?1446~1773 · 2 eruzioni · VEI max. 08050 a.C.5758 a.C.3138 a.C.846 a.C.1446

Cronologia dettagliata

  1. 1773VEI 0Osservata
    1773 – fine sconosciuta
    South part of caldera
  2. 1760VEI 0Osservata
    1760 – fine sconosciuta
    SW flank
  3. 50 a.C.VEI ?Stima geologica
    50 a.C. – fine sconosciuta
  4. 1580 a.C. (±10 anni)VEI ?Stima geologica
    1580 a.C. – fine sconosciuta
  5. 8050 a.C.VEI ?Stima geologica
    8050 a.C. – fine sconosciuta

Vulcani nelle vicinanze

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⚠ Solo a scopo informativo. Non adatto a situazioni di emergenza.