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Russia · Stratovolcano

Ksudach

Type
Stratovolcano
Elevation
1007m
Last eruption
1907
Ksudach
Photo: Earth Observations Laboratory, Johnson Space Center. · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
Type
Stratovolcano
Country
Russia
Region
Northwestern Pacific / Kuril Volcanic Arc
Elevation
1007m
Coordinates
51.804, 157.529
Last eruption
1907
Tectonic setting
Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
Landform
Caldera
Major rock type
Andesite / Basaltic andesite
Geological summary

Ksudach is unique among Kamchatka volcanoes in its morphology and geologic history. It is a large, low-angle stratovolcano, constructed of alternating basaltic-andesitic lavas and dacitic pyroclastics, and is truncated by an intricate complex of five calderas. An array of post-caldera structures is truncated by later calderas, the last three of which formed during the Holocene, about 7,900 and 5,000 BCE and about 240 CE. The latter eruption was the second largest in Kamchatka during the Holocene, and produced about 20 km3 of rhyodacitic airfall tephra and 3-4 km3 of pyroclastic flows. The eastern part of the caldera complex contains two lakes, the northern of which forms an embayment in Shtyubel' (Stubel) Crater, a low-angle cone that began forming about 1,600 years ago in the youngest caldera. The only historical eruption, in 1907, originated from Shtyubel'.

Eruption history

15 recordedGlossary
Summary (VEI over time)
Click a bar to see individual eruptions · Use arrow keys to move between bars, Enter to open
7900 BCE~7573 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI 55612 BCE~5285 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI ?5285 BCE~4958 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI 54958 BCE~4631 BCE · 2 eruptions · max VEI 54631 BCE~4304 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI 34304 BCE~3977 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI 33323 BCE~2996 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI 4381 BCE~54 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI 354 BCE~272 · 1 eruptions · max VEI 6272~599 · 1 eruptions · max VEI 2599~926 · 1 eruptions · max VEI ?926~1253 · 1 eruptions · max VEI 41580~1907 · 2 eruptions · max VEI 57900 BCE5612 BCE2996 BCE708 BCE1580

Detailed timeline

  1. 1907VEI 5Observed
    1907-03-28 – end unknown
    Stubel
  2. 1750VEI 4Geological estimate
    1750 – end unknown
    Stubel
  3. 1000 (±50 yrs)VEI 4Geological estimate
    1000 – end unknown
    Stubel
  4. 700VEI ?Geological estimate
    700 – end unknown
  5. 350VEI 2Geological estimate
    350 – end unknown
    Stubel
  6. 240 (±100 yrs)VEI 6Geological estimate
    240 – end unknown
    Ksudach V caldera
  7. 200 BCEVEI 3Geological estimate
    200 BCE – end unknown
  8. 3000 BCEVEI 4Geological estimate
    3000 BCE – end unknown
  9. 4100 BCEVEI 3Geological estimate
    4100 BCE – end unknown
  10. 4550 BCEVEI 3Geological estimate
    4550 BCE – end unknown
  11. 4750 BCEVEI ?Geological estimate
    4750 BCE – end unknown
    SW part of caldera IV (Paryashchiy Utes)
  12. 4900 BCEVEI 5Geological estimate
    4900 BCE – end unknown
    Ksudach IV caldera
  13. 5200 BCEVEI 5Geological estimate
    5200 BCE – end unknown
    Ksudach IV caldera
  14. 5600 BCEVEI ?Geological estimate
    5600 BCE – end unknown
  15. 7900 BCEVEI 5Geological estimate
    7900 BCE – end unknown
    Ksudach III caldera

Nearby volcanoes

External links

⚠ For reference only. Not for emergency response.