Islandia · Caldera
Hverfjall
Krafla
- Tipo
- Caldera
- Altitud
- 800 m
- Última erupción
- 1984
- Tipo
- Caldera
- País
- Islandia
- Región
- Océano Atlántico / Iceland Neovolcanic Rift Volcanic Province
- Altitud
- 800 m
- Coordenadas
- 65.715, -16.728
- Última erupción
- 1984
- Contexto tectónico
- Zona de rift / Corteza oceánica (< 15 km)
- Forma volcánica
- Grupo volcánico
- Roca principal
- Basalto / Picrobasalto
Resumen geológico
The Krafla volcanic system in the Northern Volcanic Zone (NVZ) of Iceland is about 100 km long, consisting of a fissure swarm and a central volcano with a 7 x 9 km caldera formed about 110,000 years ago that deposited a rhyolitic welded tuff. It has been moderately active in the Holocene, over three distinct eruptive periods; the current one has lasted about 2,800 years with six volcano-tectonic episodes, each with one or more basaltic fissure eruptions. Lava volumes (DRE) have been in the 0.1-1 km3 range. The Hverfjall and Ludent tuff rings east of Myvatn were erupted along the fissure system. Myvatn lake formed during the eruption of the older Laxarhraun lava flow from the Ketildyngja shield volcano of the Fremrinamur volcanic system about 3,800 years before present (BP); The present Myvatn lake is constrained by the roughly 2,000 years BP younger Laxarhraun lava flow from the Krafla volcanic system. The abundant pseudocraters that form a prominent part of the Myvatn landscape were created when the younger Laxarhraun lava flow entered the lake. The last eruption took place in 1975-1984 CE when nine small basaltic fissure eruptions produced 0.25 km3 of lava.
Resumen de Wikipedia
Hverfjall es un cono de tefra o volcán de anillo de toba en el norte de Islandia, al este de Mývatn.
Wikipedia · CC BY-SA · Leer artículo completo →
Historial de erupciones
23 registradasGlosarioLínea de tiempo detallada
- 1984VEI 0Observado1984-09-04 – 1984-09-18Leirhnjúkur to 8.5 km north
- 1981VEI 0Observado1981-01-30 – 1981-02-046-8 km N of Leirhnjúkur
- 1981VEI 0Observado1981-11-18 – 1981-11-23Leirhnjúkur to 9 km north
- 1980VEI 0Observado1980-03-16 – 1980-10-23Leirhnjúkur to 11 km north
- 1977VEI 1Observado1977-04-27 – 1977-09-083 km north of Leirhnjúkur
- 1975VEI 0Observado1975-12-20 – 1975-12-201.5-2.5 km north of Leirhnjúkur
- 1746VEI 1Observado1746-07-10 – 1746-07-10Leirhnjúkur crater row
- 1729VEI 2Observado1729-06-30 – 1729-09-25Leirhnjúkur crater row
- 1728VEI 2Observado1728-04-18 – fin desconocidoLeirhnjúkur, Hrossadalur, Bjarnarflag
- 1728VEI 2Observado1728-12-18 – fin desconocidoLeirhnjúkur crater row
- 1727VEI 2Observado1727-08-21 – fin desconocidoNorth end of Leirhnjúkur
- 1724VEI 2Observado1724-05-17 – 1724-05-18Víti (1.5 km east of Leirhnjúkur)
- 1300 (±200 años)VEI 2Estimación geológica1300 – fin desconocidoCrater south of Víti
- 850VEI 0Estimación geológica850 – fin desconocidoDaleldar, Svortuborgir
- 250 (±300 años)VEI 0Estimación geológica250 – fin desconocidoKerlingarholar
- 50 a. C.VEI 2Estimación geológica50 a. C. – fin desconocidoHolseldar
- 500 a. C. (±300 años)VEI 0Estimación geológica500 a. C. – fin desconocidoNorth of Hverfjall
- 650 a. C.VEI 4Estimación geológica650 a. C. – fin desconocidoHverfjall, Jarbadsholar
- 3050 a. C.VEI 0Estimación geológica3050 a. C. – fin desconocidoHvannstód
- 6500 a. C.VEI ?Estimación geológica6500 a. C. – fin desconocidoKröfluhalshraun
- 6800 a. C.VEI 2Estimación geológica6800 a. C. – fin desconocidoHveragil
- 6850 a. C.VEI 2Estimación geológica6850 a. C. – fin desconocidoBondholshraun, Hveragil
- 8500 a. C.VEI 0Estimación geológica8500 a. C. – fin desconocidoGjastykkisbunga
Volcanes cercanos
Enlaces externos
⚠ Solo como referencia. No apto para respuesta ante emergencias.